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Western Sahara: Moroccan escalation, role of Mauritania and challenges of the Tindouf–Zouerate road

On October 23, 2025 , Brahim Ghali, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and Secretary-General of the POLISARIO Front, denounced a new Moroccan escalation in Western Sahara: the construction of a 93-kilometer road linking Smara to Mauritania, crossing the sand wall erected by Morocco since the 1980s. According to the UN Secretary-General’s report (S/2025/612), this road constitutes a “second passage” to Mauritania, alongside the Guerguerat corridor. In a letter addressed to António Guterres, Ghali described the initiative as a “provocative and escalatory measure,” recalling the precedent of Guerguerat in 2016. According to the POLISARIO Front, the “civilian” justification put forward by Rabat hides a political and military logic: every infrastructure south of the wall reinforces the occupation and creates facts on the ground. A Strategic Moroccan Road Under Civilian Cover The route from Smara to Bir Moghrein crosses the liberated zone and connects the occupied territory...

Algeria’s Ambiguity and Europe’s Boldness: How Algeria Facilitates Its Own Diplomatic Affronts

This Thursday afternoon, Belgian Minister of Development Cooperation, Mr. Prévot, publicly endorsed the “Moroccan autonomy plan” for Western Sahara—a project deemed illegal under international law and contrary to Algeria’s historic position. A few hours later, the same official nevertheless called his Algerian counterpart, Ahmed Attaf, to discuss “calmly” cooperation in areas such as renewable energy, transport, mining, agri-food, and pharmaceuticals. Two seemingly incoherent sequences, yet deeply revealing: it is not Mr. Prévot who is ambiguous—it is Algeria that lacks a clear line. When Strategic Confusion Becomes a Constant This absurd scene—a European minister backing Morocco before extending a hand to Algeria—does not happen by chance. It reflects a perception firmly rooted in Brussels and other European capitals: Algeria does not truly know what it wants. Our diplomacy claims to be proud and sovereign, yet remains vague about its priorities. One day, it asserts neutrality o...

Algeria and Morocco: The Illusion of Mediation and the Strength of Sovereignty

Recently, American businessman Steve Witkoff claimed in an interview with 60 Minutes Overtime that he was working on a supposed “peace agreement” between Morocco and Algeria, suggesting that a deal could be reached within 60 days. Standing beside him, Jared Kushner—known for promoting the Israeli-Moroccan agenda—positions himself as a mediator. For Algeria, this initiative is nothing short of a complete illusion. I. Morocco: A Weakened and Hostile Neighbor Since independence, Morocco has consistently adopted a hostile and opportunistic stance toward Algeria: The Sand War in 1963, The unilateral severance of the Maghreb-Europe Gas Pipeline, Interference in Algerian internal affairs, including support for terrorist groups. Today, Algeria’s strategy of isolating Morocco is beginning to bear fruit. The kingdom faces an unprecedented social crisis, soaring public debt, and an economy on the brink of collapse. In such conditions, Algeria has no interest in engaging in dialogue or me...

Western Sahara: Autonomy without self-determination has no legal basis

Contrary to a narrative that proclaims the “consecration” of Moroccan sovereignty at the Security Council and the elevation of autonomy as the sole solution, the texts – Charters, resolutions, jurisprudence – tell a different story: a non-self-governing territory, an inalienable right to self-determination, and a still-active UN process. Even the Moroccan Autonomy Plan (S/2007/206) acknowledges that no outcome is valid without a freely given vote by the Sahrawi people. Positive Law: A Non-Self-Governing Territory and a Right to Self-Determination Since 1963, Western Sahara has been listed by the UN as a non-self-governing territory. In UN terminology, this means incomplete decolonization and a right to self-determination for the people of the territory – a legal compass that neither the General Assembly nor the Security Council has altered. In 1975, the International Court of Justice confirmed that the historical ties of allegiance invoked do not amount to sovereignty; thus, nothing ...

American Interference in Southern Algeria: A Geostrategic Pressure Disguised as Benevolence

On October 9, 2025, the New Lines Institute published an article by Ty Dávila titled “U.S. Engagement With Algeria’s Tuareg Is a Strategic Imperative.” Beneath a veneer of cooperation and goodwill, the article reveals a clear attempt to interfere in Algeria’s internal affairs, particularly in its Saharan regions inhabited by Tuareg communities. Analyzing the document, its author, and its institutional context highlights a U.S. strategy aimed at influencing Algerian policy to serve American geopolitical interests. Interference Under the Guise of Development The article proposes three areas of intervention: participatory research, localized aid, and engagement with the Tuareg diaspora. Though presented as alternatives to military involvement, these measures are in fact a soft form of penetration into Algeria’s social and political structures. By targeting marginalized communities, the United States seeks to establish internal channels of influence capable of shaping national policy. ...

Why talk about a “peace agreement” between Algeria and Morocco when there is no war?

The recent announcement that Steve Witkoff, a U.S. special envoy appointed by Donald Trump, intends to “end the diplomatic crisis between Algeria and Morocco” has sparked widespread reactions and questions. According to his own statements, he hopes to achieve a “peace agreement” between the two countries within the next two months, while simultaneously working on negotiations between Iran and the United States. But this wording—“peace agreement”—raises a fundamental question: what war are we talking about? A Misreading of the Situation Algeria and Morocco are not at war. There is no armed conflict, no direct military confrontation between the two states. What divides them is a deep political crisis, rooted in irreconcilable positions on sovereignty, regional security, and mutual respect. Reducing this complex reality to a mere “disagreement” to be smoothed over by ad hoc mediation reflects either a misunderstanding of the nature of the dispute or a deliberate attempt to place both ...

Western Sahara: Deciphering shameless Moroccan propaganda

The article published by Hespress on October 19, 2025, titled “Leak of the Sahara Resolution Shakes Tindouf and Ends the Illusion of the ‘Polisario State’” illustrates the extent to which Moroccan propaganda persists in its attempt to distort the reality of Western Sahara. Under the guise of an alleged “political earthquake” in the Tindouf camps, Hespress seeks to manipulate public opinion and delegitimize the Sahrawi people’s historic struggle. A closer reading exposes the deception. 1. The “Shattered Dream”? A Fiction Concealing Moroccan Occupation Hespress claims that the release of a draft Security Council resolution “destroys the dream of the Sahrawi Republic.” The truth is quite different: Western Sahara remains a non-self-governing territory, recognized as such by the UN since 1963, and the Sahrawi people’s right to self-determination is inalienable. No leaked or official resolution can annul this fundamental right. Moroccan propaganda wants the world to believe that the Sahr...